Pests,Animals

Army worm (ulat tentara / grayak)

Spodoptera mauritia acronyctoides (Guenée), Mythimna separata (Walker), Spodoptera exempta (Walker), Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) rarely destroy rice. Adult moths are nocturnal. At night, the adults eat, copulate, and migrate, while the moths rest at the base of the plant during the day. Moths are very attracted to light. Larvae are very voracious, and attacks occur in all phases of rice plant growth, starting from seedling, especially in dry nurseries, to the filling phase.

Bird

Birds attack rice plants in the milk ripening phase until the seeds ripen (before harvest). The attack resulted in empty seeds, symptoms such as outskirts, and many seeds were lost. Birds should be controlled by: Bird watchers start from 6-10 am and 2-6 pm because these times are critical times for plants attacked by birds. Use nets to isolate rice fields from bird attacks; the area of isolated rice fields is less than 0.

Brown Planthopper-BPH (Wereng coklat)

Nilaparvata lugens (Stal) The brown planthopper (BPH) has been one of the main pests of rice in Indonesia since the mid-1970s. This is a consequence of applying a rice intensification system (high yielding varieties, high doses of N fertilization, application of IP>200, etc.). The use of pesticides that violate the rules of IPM (right type, correct dose, and timely application) also triggers the brown planthopper explosion. Depending on the level of damage, a brown planthopper attack can increase rice yield losses from only a few quintals of grain to crop failure.

Green Horned Caterpillar (Ulat tanduk hijau)

Melanitis leda ismene Cramer Moths are not attracted to light. The moth is in the form of a giant butterfly, which is very easy to recognize because there are spots shaped like eyes on its wings. Larvae have 2 pairs of horns, one pair at the tip of the head and the other pair at the end of the abdomen. Larvae cause damage to plants, eating leaves starting from the edges and tips of the leaves.

Green Leafhopper (Wereng hijau)

The role of green leafhoppers (WH) in the rice cropping system is essential because GLH is a vector of tungro disease, one of Indonesia’s most important viral diseases. The ability of GLH as an inhibitor in the rice farming system is highly dependent on tungro virus disease. As a pest, GLH is commonly found in technically irrigated rice systems and rain-fed ecosystems but is not common in upland rice ecosystems. GLH sucks the liquid from inside the leaf margins and does not like the midrib or the middle leaves.

Green Semilooper (Ulat jengkal-palsu hijau)

The high population of this pest can occur from the nursery to the maximum tiller. The young larvae scar the plant’s epidermis, leaving the white underside of the leaves. Mature larvae feed on the leaf margins. Larvae move like Spanish caterpillars by arching their backs. Rice plants that are given a high dose of fertilizer are very popular with this pest—the population increases during the rainy season. Moths are active at night, day, and during the day hiding at the base of the plant or in the grass.

Rat (tikus)

Rattus argentiventer (Rob. & Kloss) or rats damage rice plants at all stages of growth, from seedling to harvest, even storage. Severe damage occurs if mice attack rice in the generative phase because the plants can no longer form new tillers. In severe attacks, rats damage rice plants starting from the center of the plot, extending towards the edge, leaving 1-2 rows of rice at the edge of the plot.

Rice Bug (Walang sangit)

Leptocorisa oratorius (Fabricius), or rice bug, is a common pest that damages rice grains during the ripening phase. The mechanism of damage is sucking grain grains that are filling. When disturbed, insects will defend themselves by emitting a smell. Apart from being a self-defense mechanism, the scent released is also used to attract other bugs of the same species. Rice bug damages the plant when it reaches the flowering phase until the milk matures.